Regular Substantive Interaction
Regular Substantive Interaction
Guiding Questions:
What is RSI?
What is the Fourth Component of RSI?
Are there any templates & tools to help?
What is RSI?
Definition of RSI: RSI stands for Regular and Substantive Interaction, a federal requirement to ensure online courses provide meaningful engagement between instructors and students. The U.S. Department of Education mandates RSI to differentiate distance education from correspondence courses.
RSI involves:
1. Consistent, predictable interactions (Regular)
2. Content-focused feedback and discussions (Substantive)
3. Instructor-initiated outreach (Interaction)
4. Meaningful activities that support learning goals (ALL)
Why RSI Matters:
RSI ensures students stay engaged, helps them progress through the course, and improves learning outcomes. Compliance with RSI also ensures your course meets accreditation standards.
RSI In Action: Keeping Students Engaged, One Interaction at a Time
- Welcome and Setup
- First Check-in and Feedback
- Course Adjustment & Progress Check
- Discussion Boost & Substantive Feedback
- Wrap-up & Final Project Support
- Farewell & Reflect
Description: Provide meaningful feedback on students’ first assignment. Send a mid-week reminder or check-in message.
Engagement Tip: Regular feedback keeps students on track. A simple reminder email can make all the difference!
(Interactive Element: Countdown to the next check-in or reminder.)
Start of Semester (Week 1) – Welcome and Setup
Interaction Type: Announcement & Icebreaker
Description: Share an announcement summarizing midterm progress. Send individual check-in emails to underperforming students.
Engagement Tip: Timely intervention is crucial—reach out before students disengage.
(Interactive Element: Progress tracker.)
Weeks 2-3 – First Check-in and Feedback
Interaction Type: Feedback on Assignments + Course Check-in
Description: Share an announcement summarizing midterm progress. Send individual check-in emails to underperforming students.
Engagement Tip: Timely intervention is crucial—reach out before students disengage.
(Interactive Element: Progress tracker highlighting students "back on track" or needing follow-up.)
Mid-Semester (Weeks 6-8) – Course Adjustment & Progress Check
Interaction Type: Midterm Announcements + Engagement in Forums
Description: Ask open-ended questions in forums that align with course outcomes. Offer personalized feedback on recent assignments.
Engagement Tip: Substantive interaction sparks deeper thinking—show them you’re listening!
(Interactive Element: Expand/collapse feature to reveal sample discussion prompts and feedback templates.)
Weeks 9-12 – Discussion Boost & Substantive Feedback
Interaction Type: Initiate a deep-dive discussion + Connect feedback with course objectives
Description: Post reminders for final projects and hold virtual office hours to support students.
Engagement Tip: Offer encouraging messages—students appreciate positive reinforcement.
(Interactive Element: “Send encouragement” button that generates a sample motivational message.)
Final Weeks (Weeks 13-15) – Wrap-up & Final Project Support
Interaction Type: Announcements + Office Hour Check-ins
Description: Share a final announcement thanking students for their participation. Offer a reflective activity to wrap up.
Engagement Tip: Encourage students to share what they’ve learned—it’s a great way to close the loop.
(Interactive Element: Timer showing "Semester Completed!" + Button to download reflection template.)
End of Semester (Week 16) – Farewell & Reflect
Interaction Type: Course Reflection & Final Announcement
Definition: Regular interaction means frequent, predictable, and timely contact between the instructor
and students. Students need to know when to expect interaction so they can stay engaged
and on track.
Best Practices for Regular Interaction:
Twice-a-Week Rule:
Engage with students at least twice a week through announcements, feedback, or discussions.
Timeliness:
Provide feedback within 48 hours on assignments or questions.
Consistency:
Use a consistent schedule for announcements, reminders, and participation in discussion
boards. Share this plan with your learners.
Example:
RSI Schedule:
M: Weekly announcement with an overview of the module and guidance on material.
T: Feedback from last week's work.
W:
Th: Participate in the discussion forum.
F:
S:
Sun: Send a progress check email to students.
Share This Plan with Your Students:
RSI Plan
As the instructor for this course, I will engage in several key activities each week to ensure that students receive consistent support, guidance, and feedback. My participation will promote a collaborative learning environment and enhance the overall learning experience.
Weekly Activities
Weekly Announcements:
Frequency: Every Monday
Content: I will post a comprehensive overview of the week’s module, including learning objectives,
required readings, and important deadlines. This announcement will provide guidance
on navigating the course materials and highlight any key activities or assessments.
Discussion Forum Participation:
Frequency: Active engagement on Tuesdays and Thursdays
Content: I will participate in the discussion forum by posing thought-provoking questions,
responding to student inquiries, and facilitating discussions on relevant topics.
My involvement will encourage student engagement and help clarify concepts. On Wednesdays,
Fridays, and Saturdays, I will refrain from posting to allow students to focus on
their discussions without instructor intervention.
Progress Check Emails:
Frequency: Every Sunday
Content: I will send a progress check email to each student, highlighting their performance,
participation in discussions, and any areas for improvement. This email will serve
as a personal touchpoint to ensure students feel supported and to encourage them to
reach out with questions or concerns.
Feedback on Assignments:
Frequency: Within one week after submission of assignments (e.g., Fridays)
Content: I will provide constructive feedback on students’ previous week’s work, highlighting
strengths and suggesting areas for improvement. This feedback will be personalized
and focused on guiding students in their learning journey, promoting a growth mindset.
Summary
By implementing this RSI plan, I aim to create a supportive and interactive online learning environment that fosters student engagement and success. My consistent communication through weekly announcements, discussion forum participation, progress check emails, and timely feedback will help students stay informed and motivated throughout the course.
Definition: Substantive interactions focus on academic content. They go beyond administrative messages and contribute to students’ learning, helping them engage deeply with the material.
What Counts as Substantive Interaction?
Providing detailed feedback on assignments, highlighting areas for improvement Asking
open-ended questions in discussion forums to extend conversations Hosting live review
sessions that cover course concepts
Examples of Substantive Interaction:
“Great job on your essay! In your next draft, try exploring how the concept of social
identity plays into your argument.” “In this week’s discussion, you mentioned X. How
do you think it applies to Y? Let’s explore that idea further.”
What Doesn’t Count?
"Great job!" with no additional comments Generic feedback (e.g., “Try harder next
time”)
Activity | Substantive Interaction | Non-Substantive Interaction |
Discussion Engagement | "I appreciate your point about the role of environmental factors in child development. Can you expand on how you believe these factors impact specific behaviors?" | "Good point." |
Prompting Further Discussion | "You mentioned that peer interaction is crucial for learning. Can you provide an example from your own experience that supports this?" | "Think more about peer interaction." |
Critique Discussions | "While your argument about the importance of structured play is valid, it might benefit from considering some counterarguments related to free play." | "You should have a better argument." |
Announcements | "In this week's module, we will explore how cognitive development theories apply in the classroom. Please review the readings on Piaget and Vygotsky and be prepared to discuss their implications for early childhood education." | "This week we have readings and two assignments to complete." |
Course Conversation | "I encourage everyone to reflect on how the concepts from this week's readings can be applied in your own teaching practices. Share your thoughts in the discussion!" | "Please participate in the discussion." |
Feedback | "Your post in the discussion forum raised excellent points. However, I would love to see you include more specific examples from the readings next time." | "Your post was okay." |
Interaction in the context of Regular and Substantive Interaction (RSI) refers to the active engagement and communication between the instructor and learners that facilitates a dynamic learning environment. This interaction is crucial for promoting student understanding, fostering a sense of community, and enhancing the overall educational experience. Effective interaction involves not only providing feedback but also engaging students in meaningful discussions, responding to inquiries, and encouraging collaborative learning.
Ask yourself:
What is the purpose of the Interaction?
Enhances Learning: Interaction supports students' understanding of course material and encourages deeper engagement with the content.
Builds Community: Creates a sense of belonging among students and fosters a collaborative learning environment.
Encourages Reflection: Prompts students to reflect on their learning and consider different perspectives.
What does Interaction look like?:
Providing constructive feedback on student submissions to guide their learning.
Actively engaging in discussion forums by responding to student posts and facilitating conversations.
Regularly checking in on student progress and addressing any concerns.
Encouraging students to ask questions about course material or assignments, fostering an open dialogue.
Inviting students to share their thoughts and reflections on their learning experiences.
Posting weekly updates that provide guidance, outline expectations, and encourage participation in discussions.
Actively prompting students to contribute to discussions by asking open-ended questions and highlighting the importance of diverse perspectives.
Leveraging tools such as discussion boards, video conferencing, and messaging platforms to facilitate interaction.
RSI interactions must support student learning, helping students achieve course outcomes through actionable feedback.
Best Practices:
- Ensure feedback is directly tied to learning goals and outcomes.
- Give students next steps, such as additional resources or suggestions for improvement.
- Reinforce key concepts and provide references to course materials.
Examples:
“To strengthen your understanding of this concept, I recommend revisiting the lecture on cognitive development.”
“Great effort! For your next assignment, try using the method discussed in Week 2.”
Just like a well-mixed potion, combining these four essential ingredients creates a magical learning experience. By committing to regular check-ins, providing substantive feedback, and fostering meaningful interactions all while supporting our learners, we’re not just teaching—we’re crafting a vibrant community where every student can thrive! Now, let’s put this formula into action!
Join us in embracing these best practices to transform our online classrooms into enchanted spaces of support and engagement. Reach out to your students with encouragement, spark lively discussions, and be the guiding light they need on their learning journey.
Together, we can turn education into a delightful adventure that inspires and empowers our students to reach their fullest potential. Let’s create a world where every learner feels valued, supported, and ready to soar! Are you ready to make this magic happen?
Here are some resources to get you started:
Contact and Support
NSU Online: Get assistance with RSI strategies and course audits.
918-444-5855 - nsuonline@nsuok.edu
Micro-Learning (Optional):
Click here to take a helpful microlearning course on RSI!
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
How often should I engage with students?
At least twice per week through announcements or feedback.
Does automated feedback count?
Only if it is followed up with personalized communication.
What happens if RSI isn’t met?
Courses that fail to meet RSI may not comply with accreditation standards.
Sources
The value of regular and substantive interaction between instructors and students has a well-established basis in the scholarship of teaching and learning. Here is a small sampling of some of relevant research:
Baker, C. (2010). The impact of instructor immediacy and presence for online student affective learning, cognition, and motivation. The Journal of Online Educators, 7(1).
Betts, K. (2023, March 2). Regular and substantive interaction: Resources to support learning, neuroplasticity, and regulations. Frontiers, WCET
Boling, E. C. et al. (2012). Cutting the distance in distance education: Perspectives on what promotes positive, online learning experiences. Internet and Higher Education 15, 118-126.
Dixson, M. D. (2010). Creating effective student engagement in online courses: What do students find engaging? Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 10(2), 1-13.
Fink, L. D. (2013). Creating significant learning experiences: An integrated approach to designing college courses. Revised and updated edition. Jossey-Bass.
Kerensky, K. (2021, August 26). Regular and substantive interaction refresh: Reviewing and sharing our best interpretation of current guidance and requirements. Frontiers, WCET
Kerensky, K. & Poulin, R. (2022, November 8). Regular and substantive interaction update: Where do we go from here? WCET Frontiers.
Online Learning Consortium. (2019). Regular and substantive interaction: Background, concerns, and guidine principles.
York, C. S. & Richardson, J. C. (2012). Interpersonal interaction in online learning: Experienced online instructors’ perceptions of influencing factors. Online Learning Journal, 16(4), 83-98.